Basic English Grammar Rules

Some of the most basic and important English grammar rules relate directly to sentence structure. These rules specify that:

• A singular subject needs a singular predicate.
• A sentence needs to express a complete thought.

Another term for a sentence is an independent clause: 

• Clauses, like any sentence, have a subject and predicate too. If a group of words does not have a subject and predicate, it is a phrase.
• If a clause can stand alone and make a complete thought, then it is independent and can be called a sentence.
• If clauses do not express a complete thought, they are called dependent clauses. An example of a dependent clause, which is not a sentence, is “when I finish my work.” A dependent clause needs an independent clause to make it whole.

Subjects and Predicates

Basic to any language is the sentence, which expresses a complete thought and consists of a subject and a predicate.

• The subject is the star of the sentence; the person, animal, or thing that is the focus of it. 
• The predicate will tell the action that the subject is taking or tell something about the subject.

PARTS OF SPEECH

PARTS OF SPEECH

8.Words are divided into different kinds or classes, called Parts of Speech.According to their use ; that is, according to the work they do in a sentence . The parts of speech are eight in number:

1. Noun. 2.Adjective. 3. Pronoun. 4. Verb. 5. Adverb. 6.Preposition 7.Cconjunction.8. Interjection.

9. A Noun is a word used as the name of a person, place, or thing; as,

Akbar was a great King.

Kolkata is on the banks of the river Hooghly.

The rose smells sweet.

The sun shines bright.

His courage won him honour.

Note- The word thing includes (i) all objects that we can see, hear, taste, touch, or smell; and (ii) Something that we can think of, but cannot perceive by the senses.

10. An Adjective is a word used to add something to the meaning of noun; as,

He is brave boy.

There are twenty boys in this class.

11. A Pronoun is a word used instead of a noun; as,

John is absent, because he is ill.

The books are where you left them.

12.AVerb is a word used to express an action or state; as

The girl wrote a letter to her cousin.

Kolkata is a big city.